Yen sinks in European trade as tariff talk and China chip headlines jolt FX sentiment
The Japanese yen extended its decline in the European morning, undercut by cautious Bank of Japan signals and fresh political noise on tariffs, while headlines on China’s access to Nvidia AI chips briefly rattled equities before dip-buyers stepped in.
Yen under pressure despite BoJ shift
The yen sold off broadly, with traders leaning into carry trades as markets doubt the Bank of Japan can “out-hawk” current pricing. Officials continue to jawbone, but guidance remains measured: Governor Kazuo Ueda said the economy should return to positive growth in Q4 and that confidence in the BoJ’s outlook is “gradually” improving. Japan’s government reiterated that FX policy is the central bank’s domain, while stressing it will act if needed.
The problem for yen bulls is twofold: the BoJ’s first steps toward normalization are seen as tentative, and a rate hike is already anticipated, limiting upside from any hawkish surprise. With global peers leaning less dovish and U.S. yields still offering attractive carry, the path of least resistance keeps JPY on the back foot.
Tariff twist: Trump weighs changes to “lower prices”
In an interview published by Politico, Donald Trump said he may consider tariff adjustments to reduce prices and that a prospective Fed chair’s openness to rate cuts would be a key test. Markets parsed the tariff line as a short-term growth positive but potentially inflationary if supply-chain costs and pricing dynamics are jolted again. The near-term read-through: risk assets like the headline; the inflation impulse, if realized, could re-tighten financial conditions down the road.
AI chips and China: headline risk, quick reset
The Financial Times reported Chinese regulators are discussing limited access to Nvidia’s H200 chips, following comments that the U.S. would allow Nvidia to sell certain AI hardware to China. U.S. equity futures wobbled on the headline before stabilizing, reflecting a market accustomed to incremental, tactical shifts in tech export policy rather than sweeping changes. For FX, lingering uncertainty around the U.S.–China tech backdrop tends to support the dollar on safe-haven and growth-differential grounds, while keeping Asia FX sensitive to semiconductor news flow.
Euro steadies; Germany surplus beats, ECB’s Nagel cites AI tools
In Europe, the euro held steady as Germany’s October trade surplus came in stronger than expected (€16.9 billion vs €15.6 billion consensus), tempering recession worries at the margin. ECB Governing Council member Joachim Nagel highlighted artificial intelligence as a tool to process large datasets and improve predictive accuracy—interesting for policy execution but not a market mover today.
U.S. small business sentiment edges up
The NFIB small business optimism index rose to 99.0 for November, beating 98.3 expected. The uptick nudges U.S. growth expectations higher at the margin and is consistent with dollar resilience, though it is unlikely to change near-term Fed-rate path assumptions on its own.
Key points
- JPY weakens as markets doubt the BoJ can deliver more than already-priced modest tightening.
- Tariff talk: Trump signals potential changes aimed at “lowering prices,” a short-term growth positive but with possible inflation risk.
- AI chip headlines: Reports of China exploring limited access to Nvidia’s H200 chips caused a brief equity wobble before stabilizing.
- Euro supported by a stronger German trade surplus; ECB’s Nagel notes AI’s analytical benefits.
- U.S. NFIB rises to 99.0 vs 98.3 expected, underscoring resilient small-business sentiment.
- Policy watch: Japan’s Ueda sees Q4 growth recovery; Tokyo vows to act on FX if necessary while deferring monetary specifics to the BoJ.
Market context and positioning
Volatility in G10 FX remains concentrated in yen crosses as carry appetite persists. Options markets continue to price event risk around central-bank rhetoric and ongoing trade-policy noise, with notable expiries into the 10 a.m. New York cut. Equities’ quick recovery from chip headlines points to healthy dip demand, but policy uncertainty keeps a floor under the dollar. For multi-asset portfolios, the trade-off between growth impulse (tariffs and chips) and inflation risk (policy response) remains the key thematic into year-end.
What traders are watching next
- BoJ communications for any shift from “gradual” toward firmer normalization signals.
- U.S. policy headlines around tariffs and the Fed leadership outlook.
- China’s stance on foreign AI chips and any follow-through on access parameters.
- FX option expiries and related pinning effects into the New York cut.
Reporting by BPayNews.
FAQ
Why is the yen weakening even as the BoJ moves toward rate hikes?
Markets already price a modest BoJ tightening path, and investors doubt the central bank will move aggressively enough to close yield gaps with the U.S. and others. That keeps carry trades attractive and limits upside for JPY on “hawkish surprises.”
What do Trump’s tariff comments mean for markets?
Potential tariff changes aimed at lowering prices could boost growth sentiment near term, but the inflation path is uncertain. If price pressures re-accelerate, central banks could be forced to re-tighten, which would be a headwind for risk assets later.
How did the Nvidia H200/China headlines affect equities and FX?
Equities dipped initially on uncertainty, then recovered as traders saw the development as incremental rather than transformational. In FX, ongoing U.S.–China tech tensions typically support the dollar and keep Asia FX more sensitive to semiconductor-related headlines.
Does Germany’s stronger trade surplus change the euro outlook?
It helps at the margin by signaling external strength, but the euro’s broader path remains tied to ECB policy expectations, eurozone growth differentials, and global risk appetite.
Is the uptick in the NFIB index significant for the dollar?
It supports the narrative of resilient U.S. growth, modestly dollar-positive. However, it’s unlikely to shift Fed expectations on its own without corroborating inflation and labor-market data.
What could reverse the yen’s slide?
A clearer, faster BoJ normalization path or a broad decline in global yields could narrow rate differentials. Heightened risk aversion—prompting unwinds of carry trades—would also tend to support JPY.
Last updated on December 9th, 2025 at 06:07 pm
